2021年中国专题报告—数字化转型

The authors of this report have outlined some of the risk and compliance concerns surrounding digital transformation, regulatory reforms on the horizon and suggested some lessons firms might learn from innovators and early adopters. The final article provides an overview how the COVID-19 pandemic poses some real risk for organisations internationally and what compliance officers' need to consider as they continue to face these current risks and challenges. Although the report focuses on China, it is applicable to all large organisations internationally involved in or contemplating digital transformation. The report provides an in-depth overview of the issues that need consideration and some of the bigger regulatory questions that need to be considered by compliance and legal teams.

本报告撰写者简要列出了围绕数字化转型的若干风险合规问题和监管改革前景，并提出了企业可从创新者和早期采用者汲取的经验教训。报告最后概要说明了新冠背景下国际上机构所面临的实际风险，以及在当前的风险和挑战环境下，合规人员待考虑的问题。该报告重点介绍了中国的情况，但其中内容也可供国际环境下所有参与或考虑开展数字化转型的大型机构参考。报告深入探讨了亟待考虑的问题，列明了法律合规团队应考虑的若干更重要的监管问题。

As you are aware, digital transformation is happening at pace in internationally, but especially in China with the rise of dominant technology providers and the provision of services which expand and diversify the landscape of the financial services sector. Online banks and financial technology companies (fintechs) are offering a wide range of financial services that leverage technology to develop a competitive edge in products offered to customers in China and Hong Kong.

众所周知，国际上数字化转型的发展如火如荼，尤其是在中国，随着主要技术供应商的崛起，服务的提供拓宽了金融服务行业格局，发展更为迅速。网上银行和金融科技公司正在提供一系列金融服务，充分利用技术专长，为中国内陆和香港客户提供产品，打造竞争优势。

Firms involved in or planning digital transformation need to be aware of the risk and compliance difficulties that advanced technological platforms can introduce and understand the vulnerabilities they can create for customers. Digital transformation needs to be accompanied by improvements in culture, conduct risk, data protection, privacy, cyber security, risk management and third-party outsourcing.

已经或计划参与数字化转型的企业应关注先进技术平台相关的风险合规难点，并了解此类平台的缺陷。数字化转型的同时，文化与行为风险控制、数据保护、隐私保护、网络安全、风险管理和第三方外包等领域也需同步改进。

As we have seen from the Ant’s Groups US$37 million  initial public offering and dual listing in Shanghai and Hong Kong, micro-lending and big data have thrown up a number of challenges for all regulators that are part of a digital transformation “re-think” about how safe these products are for consumers. Global regulators are concerned about the significant pace of digital transformation in parts of the financial sector that are “outpacing” regulation and the government quite rightly is cautious about systemic issues and is pushing for reform and introducing new rules for fintech firms. As a first step, Chinese regulators are drafting new rules and regulations that will require micro-lenders like the Ant group to fund at least 30 percent of any loan with banks, share customer data and have prudential requirements. This will change business equations in the market.

从蚂蚁集团3700万美元首次公开募股和沪港两地上市事件可以看出，参与数字化转型的所有监管机构，在“重新思考”小额贷款和大数据产品对消费者的安全性方面，都面临一系列挑战。全球监管机构担忧，在部分金融领域，数字化转型进展显著“超前”于法规更新，政府对系统性问题持谨慎态度，正推动改革，出台针对金融科技公司的新规则，这是非常明智的。中国监管机构正率先起草最新规则和条例，规定蚂蚁集团等小额贷款机构联合银行放贷时，单笔联合贷款的出资比例不得低于30%，且应共享客户数据，遵循审慎要求。新规有望改变市场的商业格局。

Regulators are also concerned about the systematic risks and that fintech’s introduce and that they may become “too big to fail” if left unchecked without appropriate regulation. Internationally, regulators have been aware for some time that they do not have the regulatory line of sight they need in the event of a fintech failure, that would affect hundreds of millions of people. Regulators internationally, will turn their eyes to this space this year.

监管者还担心使用金融科技带来的系统性风险，如果不加以适当监管，金融科技公司可能会演变成“大而不倒”。在国际上，监管机构已经逐渐意识到，如果发生金融科技企业倒闭，可能影响数亿人，而他们并不具备处理此种情况的监管格局。国际监管机构今年将聚集该领域。

Given this background, the report may help firms to consider wider  regulatory developments on the horizon  and the appropriate compliance procedures that can address both domestic and international regulatory obligations especially where they are involved with digital transformation and the complex issues it introduces. 

鉴于这一背景，本报告可能有助于企业在更大范围内，尤其是涉及数字化转型与数字化转型带来的复杂问题时，考量监管发展前景，以及国内和国际合规义务履行所涉的适当合规流程。